Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Nephritis
|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
短气乏力,汗出恶风,食少便溏,颜面浮肿,汗出恶风,舌淡苔薄白,脉浮虚
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Breathing tends to be short and weak; even slight activity causes fatigue, and the whole body feels drained.
- Spontaneous sweating easily occurs; after sweating, one becomes more sensitive to wind, and exposure to wind causes discomfort.
- Poor appetite with reduced food intake; stools are loose and unformed, appearing soft and mushy.
- Facial swelling is present, appearing puffy and tight, with obvious pitting on pressure.
- Still fearful of wind after sweating, and feels uncomfortable and eager to avoid drafts.
- The tongue body is pale in color; the tongue coating is thin and white, giving a light, clear appearance.
- The pulse is palpable at the superficial level but lacks strength; it feels empty and weak upon pressure.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
益气健脾,补肺固表
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Strengthens the spleen’s function so that food and drink are better absorbed and utilized, gradually building physical strength.
- Tonifies lung qi to make breathing smooth and strong, reducing shortness of breath and fatigue.
- Secures the exterior and astringes sweat to reduce recurrent sweating and vulnerability to wind invasion.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
神疲乏力,腰膝酸软,四肢水肿,月经不调,舌淡胖,苔白
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Easily feels mentally tired and physically weak, lacks motivation, and does not recover well even after rest.
- The lower back and knees feel sore, weak, and unsteady, with a sense of powerlessness when walking or sitting for long periods.
- Edema develops in the limbs; the swelling is obvious on pressure and can be felt during movement.
- Menstruation may be irregular, with variations in cycle length and flow volume.
- The tongue is pale and enlarged, appearing puffy when extended.
- The tongue coating is white, visible as a pale layer.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
补益肺肾,泌精益气
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Tonifies lung qi to make breathing smoother and stronger, reducing shortness of breath and fatigue.
- Nourishes the kidneys to replenish essence, alleviating lower back and knee soreness and tiredness.
- Secures and regulates essence to gradually reduce issues such as seminal emission or spermatorrhea.
- Boosts qi and generates strength, enhancing mental and physical energy for a more stable overall condition.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
两目干涩,咽干口燥,发脱齿摇,腰膝酸软,舌嫩红,苔少或光剥,脉细数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- The eyes feel dry and gritty, with easy soreness or strain when looking at things, worsening with prolonged use.
- The throat and mouth are dry and parched, feeling rough when speaking or swallowing.
- Hair tends to fall out easily; teeth feel loose and shaky, unstable when biting.
- The lower back and knees feel sore, weak, and unsteady, with a sense of powerlessness when walking or sitting for long periods.
- The tongue appears vivid and red, looking bright and tender.
- The tongue coating is scanty or absent, appearing glossy as if peeled.
- The pulse is thin and rapid, with a quick rhythm and fine force.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
滋补肝肾,养阴清热
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Nourishes the liver and kidneys to enrich essence and blood, reducing blurred vision, tinnitus, and soreness of the lower back and knees.
- Replenishes yin fluid to balance yin and yang, relieving deficiency heat, restlessness, and night sweats.
- Clears deficiency heat to gradually ease thirst, tidal fever, and insomnia.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
全身水肿,倦怠懒言,形寒肢冷,舌体淡胖有齿痕,苔白腻,脉沉迟细
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Generalized edema occurs, with a puffy and tight appearance; pitting is obvious and slow to resolve.
- The body tires easily, with a reluctance to speak and lack of motivation.
- Marked aversion to cold; hands and feet feel cold and are slow to warm, with discomfort worsening on exposure to cold.
- The tongue is pale and enlarged, with tooth marks visible along the edges.
- The tongue coating is white, slimy, and greasy, appearing unclean.
- The pulse is felt only at a deeper level, being slow and thin.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
温补脾肾,通阳利水
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Warms and tonifies spleen yang to enhance digestion and absorption, gradually restoring physical strength.
- Tonifies kidney qi to strengthen the body, improving lower back and knee soreness and aversion to cold.
- Promotes the smooth flow of yang qi to drive water metabolism.
- Promotes diuresis and drains dampness to smooth urination and gradually reduce edema.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
面浮身肿,腰以下为甚,腰部冷痛酸重,舌质淡胖,苔白,脉沉细或沉迟无力
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Swelling appears on the face and body, with a clearly puffy appearance.
- Edema is more pronounced below the waist, with the lower limbs more severely swollen and obvious pitting.
- The lower back feels cold, painful, and heavy; discomfort is present during activity or prolonged sitting.
- The tongue is pale and enlarged, appearing puffy.
- The tongue coating is white.
- The pulse is only perceptible with deep pressure; it may be thin, slow, and forceless.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
温补肾阳,运化水湿
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Warms and tonifies kidney yang to reduce aversion to cold and gradually alleviate lower back and knee soreness and fatigue.
- Enhances kidney qi transformation to promote smoother fluid circulation.
- Assists in transforming and transporting water-dampness to promote urination and reduce edema.
- Relieves heaviness and tiredness caused by dampness retention.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
眩晕,耳鸣,腰酸,口干,舌质红,少苔,脉细数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Dizziness and blurred vision, more noticeable when standing or walking, with a sensation of floating and unsteadiness.
- Tinnitus with ringing in the ears, audible even in quiet, affecting concentration and rest.
- Soreness and discomfort in the lower back, more pronounced during activity or prolonged sitting.
- Dry mouth and throat, feeling rough when talking or swallowing.
- The tongue is red, with a clear reddish appearance.
- The tongue coating is scanty, with almost no visible thick coating.
- The pulse is thin and rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
平肝息风,清热安神
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Calms excessive liver qi to gradually reduce dizziness, headaches, and irritability.
- Expels wind pathogens to relieve tremors, numbness, and vertigo.
- Clears heat to ease thirst, restlessness, and insomnia.
- Calms the mind to stabilize emotions, improve sleep quality, and promote mental tranquility.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
口渴,气短,倦怠乏力,腰膝酸软,舌质红或淡,脉细弱
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Persistent thirst, with drinking providing only temporary relief from dryness.
- Easily becomes short of breath; slight exertion causes a feeling of insufficient air and weakness.
- Easily tired and weak, with low motivation and incomplete recovery after rest.
- Soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, feeling unsupported when walking or sitting.
- The tongue may be red or pale; when extended, it appears either more red or pale.
- The pulse is thin and weak, perceptible only with steady pressure.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
益气养阴,补肾健脾,清除余毒
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Boosts qi and nourishes yin fluid so one is less prone to fatigue and weakness.
- Tonifies kidney and spleen-stomach functions to improve nutrient absorption and reduce lower back/knee soreness and weakness.
- Clears residual pathogenic qi to gradually relieve dry mouth, sore throat, or sores.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
腰酸膝冷,完谷不化,舌质淡,苔薄黄,脉细数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- The lower back feels sore and weak; the knees are cold, with an overall cold sensation.
- Undigested food particles are often visible in the stool.
- The tongue is pale, lacking in color.
- The tongue coating is thin and yellow.
- The pulse is thin and rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
健脾益肾,清热利湿
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Strengthens spleen function to improve absorption and gradually build physical strength.
- Nourishes the kidneys to replenish essence, reducing lower back and knee soreness and fatigue.
- Clears heat to relieve thirst, restlessness, and throat discomfort.
- Eliminates excess dampness to promote urination and gradually resolve edema and heaviness.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
小便热涩刺痛,尿色深红,或夹有血块,舌苔黄,脉滑数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Urination is accompanied by a burning sensation and is not smooth, with stinging pain and obvious discomfort during voiding.
- The urine is dark red or contains visible blood clots, appearing markedly bloody.
- The tongue coating is yellow.
- The pulse feels slippery and rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
清热利湿,凉血止血
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Clears internal heat to reduce fever, thirst, and restlessness.
- Drains excess dampness to relieve heaviness, edema, and difficult urination.
- Cools the blood to calm blood flow and reduce bleeding due to blood heat.
- Stops bleeding, gradually reducing hemoptysis, epistaxis, or hematochezia.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
小便不利,尿频,尿急,尿痛,舌质红,苔薄黄或腻,脉浮数或滑数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Urination is not smooth; voiding feels labored and incomplete with poor flow.
- Urinary frequency increases, with frequent urges to urinate.
- Urinary urgency, with a sudden, compelling need to urinate.
- Pain during urination, with urethral discomfort that worsens when passing urine.
- The tongue is red.
- The tongue coating is thin and yellow, or may be greasy and unclean.
- The pulse is easily palpable at the superficial level and tends to be rapid, or is slippery and rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
清热燥湿,利尿通淋
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Clears internal heat to ease thirst, restlessness, and burning urination.
- Dries excess dampness to gradually relieve heaviness and stickiness.
- Promotes smooth urination, improving difficult urination, frequency, and urgency.
- Unblocks strangury to gradually reduce scanty, dark, or painful urination.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
关节游走性疼痛,屈伸不利,舌红,苔黄腻,脉多滑数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Migratory joint pain that shifts from one joint to another, worsening with movement or pressure.
- Joint flexion and extension are not smooth; bending or straightening feels restricted and clumsy.
- The tongue is red.
- The tongue coating is yellow, slimy, and greasy, appearing thick and unclean.
- The pulse feels slippery and rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
祛风通络,清热和营
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Expels wind pathogens to gradually relieve numbness, itching, and joint difficulties.
- Unblocks the meridians to promote smooth flow of qi and blood, reducing pain and restricted movement.
- Clears internal heat to ease thirst, restlessness, and sore throat.
- Harmonizes nutrient-blood to stabilize qi and blood circulation and support overall recovery.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
神疲乏力,身体消瘦,青筋暴露,身体瘀斑,腰酸腿软,血尿,舌红苔少,脉细数或涩
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Mental and physical fatigue, lack of drive, and an emaciated appearance from depletion.
- Visible superficial veins, with prominent venous markings clearly seen.
- Purple-dark ecchymoses or petechiae are present, appearing as spots or patches of subcutaneous bleeding.
- Lower back soreness and leg weakness, with legs feeling powerless, especially when walking or sitting for long.
- Blood in the urine, with noticeable redness or blood streaks during urination.
- The tongue is red with a scanty coating, almost no thick coating visible.
- The pulse is thin and rapid, or rough and not smooth; it feels hurried or choppy.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
补肺益肾,活血化瘀
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Tonifies lung qi to improve breathing and reduce shortness of breath and fatigue.
- Nourishes the kidneys to replenish essence, relieving lower back and knee soreness and weakness.
- Activates blood circulation to smooth flow and reduce pain or numbness from stasis.
- Dispels stasis to resolve bruising, masses, and blood flow obstruction.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
胁肋疼痛,腹胀纳呆,或见黄疸,头晕失眠,月经不调,皮肤红斑色暗,舌红少苔,舌质紫暗,或有瘀点,脉细弦
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Pain in the hypochondriac regions, more pronounced with movement or pressure, causing persistent discomfort.
- Abdominal distension and fullness, with poor appetite and reduced food intake.
- Occasionally the skin or eyes may appear yellowish.
- Dizziness and a floating sensation; restless sleep with easy insomnia and vivid dreams.
- Menstrual irregularities, with cycles and flow varying in amount.
- Red patches on the skin that are darkish, not bright.
- The tongue is red with very little coating.
- The tongue body is purple-dark, or there may be petechial dots.
- The pulse is thin and wiry, like a taut string.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
活血化瘀,柔肝理气
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Promotes blood circulation to help disperse stasis, reducing pain, numbness, and bruising.
- After activating blood and resolving stasis, local masses or hardenings will gradually subside.
- Soothes liver qi to improve mood, reducing chest tightness, hypochondriac distension, and irritability.
- Regulates qi movement to harmonize qi and blood, bringing greater overall comfort.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
小便浑浊如米汁水,置之沉淀如絮状,上有浮油如脂,舌红,苔黄腻,脉濡数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- The urine appears cloudy like rice-washing water; upon standing, flocculent sediment sinks and an oily film floats on the surface.
- The tongue is red.
- The tongue coating is yellow, slimy, greasy, and unclean.
- The pulse is soft and somewhat rapid; it is gentle but quickened.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
分清化浊,温肾利湿
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Assists the body in separating clear from turbid in the urine, promoting more normal and smooth excretion.
- Dissolves turbid qi to relieve sticky mouth, heavy head, and bodily heaviness.
- Warms and tonifies kidney qi to strengthen yang, reducing aversion to cold and lower back/knee soreness.
- Promotes diuresis and drains dampness to smooth urination and gradually resolve edema and dampness.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
关节酸痛,颜面红斑,浮肿,舌淡胖,苔白,脉沉
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Joints feel sore and achy, with pain more noticeable on movement or pressure.
- Red patches appear on the face, looking distinctly red.
- General body swelling occurs, with skin appearing puffy and tight; pitting is clearly visible.
- The tongue is pale and enlarged, appearing puffy.
- The tongue coating is white.
- The pulse is palpable only at a deep level, being deep and hard to pinpoint.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
祛风解毒,除湿消肿,舒筋通络
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Expels wind pathogens to gradually ease dizziness, itching, and joint stiffness.
- Clears toxins to relieve sore throat, sores, and heat-toxin symptoms.
- Drains excess dampness to reduce heaviness and edema.
- Relaxes the sinews and unblocks meridians to improve joint mobility and gradually reduce pain and numbness.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
恶心,呕吐,纳差,身重困倦,苔厚腻,脉濡或沉
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Nausea and a churning sensation in the stomach, worsened by speaking or smelling odors.
- Frequent vomiting, with lingering discomfort and poor appetite afterward.
- Poor appetite with little interest in food and markedly reduced intake.
- The body feels heavy and weary, with limbs lacking strength and fatigue worsening with activity.
- The tongue coating is thick and greasy, appearing like a layer of oily fur.
- The pulse is soft and slippery, or deep and only felt with firm pressure.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
化浊祛湿,健脾补肾
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Dissolves turbid qi to relieve dizziness, sticky mouth, and bodily heaviness.
- Eliminates excess dampness to promote smooth urination and gradually resolve edema and heaviness.
- Strengthens spleen function to improve digestion and absorption and boost physical strength.
- Nourishes the kidneys to replenish essence, gradually improving lower back and knee soreness and fatigue.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
神识昏迷,或有癫痫样发作,四肢抽搐,周身肢节疼痛或红肿,舌红或绛或紫黯,脉沉虚数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Altered consciousness or even coma may occur, with reduced responsiveness or inability to communicate normally.
- Epileptiform seizures may appear, with convulsive jerking of the limbs that is difficult to control.
- Joints in the limbs or whole body are painful; in severe cases, redness and swelling may occur.
- The tongue is red, or a deeper crimson, or purplish-dark; its color change is evident when extended.
- The pulse is deep and must be felt with pressure; it is somewhat weak and slightly rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
清营滋阴,宁心开窍
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Clears heat from the ying (nutritive) level to gradually reduce high fever, restlessness, and red tongue.
- Nourishes yin fluid to balance yin and yang, relieving deficiency heat, thirst, and night sweats.
- Calms the mind to stabilize mood and ease irritability and insomnia.
- Opens the heart orifices to restore consciousness and gradually improve mental clouding or confusion.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
壮热口渴,肌肤发斑,出血证候,舌红绛,脉弦数
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Persistent high fever with a sensation of intense heat and constant thirst.
- Spots or rashes appear on the skin, scattered over the body surface.
- Bleeding manifestations occur, with a tendency for bleeding that is hard to stop.
- The tongue is deep red or crimson, intensely red when extended.
- The pulse is wiry and tight, and rapid.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
清热解毒,舒筋活络
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Clears internal heat to gradually relieve fever, thirst, and sore throat.
- Resolves toxins to reduce sores, redness, swelling, and heat-toxin manifestations.
- Relaxes sinews and joints to improve flexibility and reduce stiffness.
- Unblocks the meridians to promote smooth flow of qi and blood, gradually reducing pain and numbness.
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|Common Symptoms
Clinical Description:
忽起发病,热势不高,面部、手臂、胸腹可见红疹散发,肌肤瘙痒,关节疼痛,苔薄,质黯红少津,脉浮数,重按无力
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Symptoms come on suddenly with mild fever; the fever is low-grade and not severe.
- Scattered red rashes appear on the face, arms, chest, and abdomen, appearing in patches.
- Intense skin itching, with a constant urge to scratch; scratching does not provide complete relief.
- Joint pain occurs, worsening with movement or pressure and affecting daily activities.
- The tongue coating is very thin, appearing as a light layer.
- The tongue is dark red with reduced moisture, looking dry and not well-moistened.
- The pulse is easily palpable at the superficial level and rapid, but becomes weak when pressed deeply.
|TCM Approach
Clinical Description:
祛风解毒
Plain-Language Explanation:
- Expels wind pathogens to reduce dizziness, itching, and joint mobility issues.
- Clears toxins to relieve sore throat, sores, and red, swollen, hot, painful lesions.
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